Category Archives: Somerset

Commonwealth War Graves, Corporal, Dorset, Dorset Yeomanry, Great War, Gunner, history, illness, photography, Private, Royal Garrison Artillery, Shoeing Smith, Somerset, story, war, West Midlands, Wiltshire

Gunner William Merritt

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Gunner William Merritt

William Merritt was born in the summer of 1895 in Chippenham, Wiltshire. He was the youngest of three children to John and Elizabeth Merritt. John was a blacksmith, and he moved the family to Milborne Port, Somerset, when William was just a boy.

William found work as a shoesmith when he left school, but was one of the first to enlist when war broke out in 1914. He had his medical examination on 17th November, which confirmed that he was 5ft 5ins (1.65m) tall, had good vision and was of good physical development.

Initially assigned to the Dorset Yeomanry, Private Merritt’s trade soon found him taking on the role of Shoeing Smith for the battalion. He was obviously good at what he did, because by May 1915, he had been promoted to the rank of Corporal Shoeing Smith.

William had not enlisted in the army to make and mend shoes, however, and, in March 1916, he transferred to the Royal Garrison Artillery, back with the rank of Gunner. Rather than being sent to the Western Front, however, he found himself billeted at a camp in the West Midlands.

Little further information about Gunner Merritt’s service is available for the next couple of years. The next record for him comes on 5th November 1918, confirming his admission to the Birmingham War Hospital, as he was suffering from influenza and pneumonia. Sadly, his admittance to hospital was to prove too late: he passed away from heart failure the following day. Gunner Merritt was just 23 years of age.

William Merritt’s body was brought back to Somerset for burial. He was laid to rest in the cemetery of the town in which he had plied his trade before the war, Milborne Port.

William’s sparse personal effects were also returned to his parents. The records note that these included: “pair [of] boots, 6 postcards, razor, comb, toothbrush, shaving soap and brush, letter, pair of socks, bell.”

Another bureaucratic error is highlighted in a letter sent from the hospital in which William passed to his regiment’s records office notes that “I have to inform you that the body was forwarded to his Wife for burial…” William was unmarried, and his body was actually returned to his mother, Elizabeth.

Canada, Canadian Infantry, Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, Hampshire, history, injury, photography, Private, Somerset, story, Sussex, war

Private Leon Frenette

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Private Leon Frenette

Leon D Frenette was born on 2nd June 1893, in the coastal village of Petit Rocher, New Brunswick, Canada and was the son of Denis and Sarah Frenette.

Leon’s early life is difficult to piece together – the 1901 Canadian census records five Frenette families living in the same neighbourhood, but of the two whose head is given as Denis, neither has a son by that name (although one has a son called Joseph Leon).

When war came to the distant European shores, Leon was working as a school teacher in Bathurst, a town 12 miles (20km) to the south of Petit Rocher. He stood up to play his part for King and Empire, though, having served in a local militia for a while.

Leon joined the Canadian Expeditionary Force as a Private. His service records give his height as 5ft 4ins (1.63m), his weight as 130lbs (59kg) and stated that he had a medium complexion, with brown eyes and black hair. In the section of the records that noted distinguishing marks, the medical officer had identified two small brown birthmarks on his left buttock.

Private Frenette arrived in England on board the SS Corsican on 5th November 1916. Assigned to the 132nd Battalion of the Canadian Infantry, he was based at a military camp near Bramshott, Hampshire. The influx of overseas soldiers would have been a bit of a shock to the locals, but Leon appears to have been up to the challenge. Within a matter of weeks, he was admitted to the camp hospital, suffering from a bout of gonorrhoea.

By the end of the year, Private Frenette had been transferred to the 104th Battalion, and moved to Witley Camp in Surrey. His ailment seems to have returned a couple of times, and he was admitted to the camp’s medical facility in January and March 1917.

By the autumn of 1917, Leon had been transferred again, this time to the 26th Battalion. The troop was based on the south coast at Shoreham, West Sussex, and it was from here, on 16th November 1917, that Private Frenette was finally sent to France.

Leon would have arrived at an already battle-scarred Western Front. Over the next year, he was involved in fighting at Cambrai and Arras. His time was not without incident, and he forfeited a day’s pay on 20th March 1918, for “contravention of full dress order, i.e. being without a belt.”

The 26th Battalion’s next offensive was at Amiens, and it was here, on 12th August 1918, that Private Frenette was badly wounded with a gun shot wound to his right arm. Initially treated on site, he was medically evacuated to England for further treatment.

Leon was first admitted to a hospital back in Bramshott, but then transferred to Bath War Hospital in Somerset. His medical report confirms that he was first seen there at 4:30pm on 20th March, and a compound fracture of his humerus. He haemorrhaged and died of shock at 11:45pm that day. He was just 25 years of age.

With family on the other side of the Atlantic, it was not going to be possible for Private Leon Frenette to be taken home for burial. Instead he was laid to rest in the Roman Catholic Cemetery of the city in which he had passed away, Bath.

Belgian Army, Belgium, Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, photography, Soldaat, Somerset, story, unknown, war

Soldaat Armand Luchies

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Soldaat Armand Luchies

Armand Joseph Marie Luchies was born in Antwerp, Belgium, on 3rd October 1888. Little accessible information is available for his early life, but when war broke out he joined the Belgian Army as a Soldier.

There is no confirmation of how Soldaat Luchies came to be in the UK – it seems likely that he was either injured or became unwell and was evacuated across the English Channel for treatment. Whatever happened, he passed away in Bath, Somerset – probably at the city’s War Hospital – on 9th August 1918. He was 29 years of age.

Armand Joseph Marie Luchies was laid to rest in the Roman Catholic Cemetery in on the outskirts of the city in which he died. The inscription on his headstone reads “Wie spreekt van dood leeft hij niet eeuwig in ons hart.” (“Whoever speaks of death does not live forever in our hearts.”)

Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, photography, Royal Scots Fusiliers, Sergeant, Somerset, story, unknown, war

Serjeant James Gillighan

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Serjeant James Gillighan

Some lives are destined to remain shrouded in mystery, and James Gillighan’s is one of those to be lost to time.

His headstone sits in the quiet Roman Catholic Cemetery in Bath, Somerset. It provides his regiment – the Royal Scots Fusiliers – and confirms that he was a Serjeant at the time of his death on 15th December 1919. The Commonwealth War Graves Commission adds that he served in the 2nd Battalion, but sadly James’ service records no longer exist.

The Army Register of Soldiers’ Effects notes that his next of kin was his brother, Matthew Gillighan, which suggests that James’ parents were not alive, nor that he was married. The document also notes that Serjeant Gillighan passed away in Bath War Hospital.

Another army document – the Service Medal and Award Roll – suggests that the service number on the headstone – 42839 – was actually James’ second number, given to him when he moved to the battalion depot. Tantalisingly, however, his previous regimental number – 15170 – sheds little more light to his service, other than the date he was sent to France – 15th September 1915.

Contemporary newspapers do not have any records for James’ passing, so it is likely to have been natural causes of some description – possibly an illness contracted while serving.

Sadly, there is little more detail that can be added to James’ life. He lies quietly, in a corner of the Bath cemetery, wrapped in mystery.

Able Seaman, Boy, Commonwealth War Graves, Devon, East Surrey Regiment, Great War, history, illness, Labour Corps, Ordinary Seaman, photography, Private, Royal Navy, Somerset, story, Surrey, war

Private William Stringer

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Private William Stringer

William Stringer was born in Warlingham, Surrey, on 4th December 1885, and was one of nine children to Stephen and Jane Stringer. Stephen was a carter, but is seems that William wanted an escape.

On 18th April 1901, he enlisted in the Royal Navy and, because of his age, he was granted the rank of Boy 2nd Class. He was initially sent to HMS Impregnable, the school ship, and remained there for just over a year, during which his hard work paid off and he was promoted to Boy 1st Class.

His basic training complete, and after a short stint at HMS Vivid, the Royal Naval Dockyard at Devonport, he was assigned to HMS Collingwood. Over the next couple of years, William served on a couple more vessels and, in 1903, when he came of age, he was formally inducted into the navy, and given the rank of Ordinary Seaman.

William’s service records show that he was 5ft 4ins (1.63m) tall, had auburn hair, brown eyes and a fresh complexion. For distinguishing marks, he was noted as having two dots on his left forearm and scars on his legs.

Now that he was tied to a twelve year contract, Ordinary Seaman Stringer’s seems to have viewed his life in a different light. His ‘very good’ conduct quickly changed to ‘fair’ and, at the end of 1904, he spent two separate stints in the cells, presumably because of his attitude or behaviour.

This shock to the system seems to have been what William needed, however, as in 1905, he took to the new role, and his ratings improved once more. Over the next couple of years, he served on HMS Montagu and HMS Diamond, returning to Devonport in between voyages. In January 1907 he was promoted again, this time to Able Seaman, but, as with the previous promotion, things began to go downhill again.

In March, he spent two weeks in Diamond’s brig, a punishment that was repeated in September. The following month Able Seaman Stringer’s service records not his character as ‘indifferent’ and, the following month he was discharged from the Royal Navy, having refused to work for 42 days.

It was while he was serving on board HMS Diamond that William met Lena Cropp, who was presumably working in one of the ports on the South Coast. She was the daughter of labourer Jesse Cropp and his wife, Philadelphia. When Jesse died in 1897, Philadelphia married bricklayer James Smith, who had boarded with the family for a number of years.

William and Lena had a son, Joseph, on Christmas Day 1907. Now removed from the Navy, William moved his young family back to Surrey, where he found work as a cowman, and Lena took in laundry to bring in an extra income. The couple went on to marry in 1911, and went on to have two further children – Elsie, who was born in 1912, but who died when just a toddler; and Gladys, who was born in the summer of 1918.

When war closed in on Europe, something of a sense of duty must have pulled on William. He enlisted in the summer of 1915, joining the East Surrey Regiment. He seems to have quickly transferred across to the Labour Corps, and arrived in France on 15th July.

It is unclear for how long Private Stringer served in France, but at some point he returned to Britain. In October 1918, he was admitted to the War Hospital in Bath, suffering from stomach problems. His health was to prove his undoing, and he passed away from a biliary calculi peritonitis on 8th October 1918, at the age of 34 years of age.

Finances may have been tight for Lena, as William was buried in the city where he died, rather than being brought back to Surrey, where she was living. Because of this, it is unlikely that he ever met his daughter, who had been born just two months before.

William Stringer was laid to rest in the Roman Catholic Cemetery in Bath.

William’s Pension Ledger notes Lena as his widow, but only mentions one child – Joseph – as a dependent. The document also records him as an illegitimate stepchild, as he had been born a couple of years before the couple married.

The record notes that it, while Joseph’s legitimacy meant he was not eligible for a share of his William’s pension, it had been decided that the basic rate should be provided while he remained in Lena’s care.

Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, Lancashire, photography, Private, Royal Army Service Corps, Somerset, story, unknown, war

Private Francis Barnes

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Private Francis Barnes

The life of Francis – Frank – Barnes is destined to remain a mystery and, indeed, the majority of the information comes from his headstone and one document, the British Army Register of Soldiers’ Effects.

Frank’s headstone confirms that he was a Private in the Royal Army Service Corps, and that he died on 13th December 1917, though the cause of his passing is unknown. He is buried in Bath Roman Catholic Cemetery, so this also sheds light on his religion.

The British Army Register of Soldiers’ Effects suggests that he was also known as Frank McBarnes, although no further information comes to light with this alternative surname. The document confirms that he died in Bath War Hospital, and that his dependents were not eligible for a war gratuity, which suggests that he enlisted after June 1917.

Five dependents are highlighted on the record – Frank’s siblings Sabrina, Elizabeth, Margaret, Patrick and Thomas. This would suggest that both of their parents were dead by the time Frank himself passed away. Sadly, a combined search of the siblings doesn’t shed any light on their background, despite married names being given for Sabrina and Margaret, and an alternative surname – McManus – being provided for Thomas.

Some lives are not meant to be uncovered, and that of Frank Barnes, at rest in a peaceful Somerset cemetery, took everything to his grave.

Commonwealth War Graves, Driver, Great War, history, photography, Royal Engineers, Scotland, Somerset, story, unknown, war, West Midlands

Driver Matthew MacRae

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Driver Matthew MacRae

Much of Matthew Alexander MacRae’s life is destined to remain a mystery. He was born in Scotland in 1892, and was the second of three children to Thomas and Christiana MacRae. The family had moved to Birmingham – where Thomas had found work as a garment dyer – by the time of the 1901 census.

When war came to Europe, Matthew enlisted in the Royal Engineers. Nothing of his service records survives, but it is clear that he had joined as a Driver by the summer of 1918.

The next evidence for Driver MacRae is that of his passing, on 18th February 1919, at the age of 27 years. No cause of death is evident, although there is nothing in contemporary newspapers to suggest anything other than natural causes.

Two documents add a little more mystery to Matthew’s legacy. The Army Register of Soldiers’ Effects notes his father, Thomas, as the beneficiary of his estate. The Dependents’ Pension, however, suggests that an Emily MacRae, was to be provided with support. This was not Matthew’s sister, and Emily’s address – Cross Street in Bath, not far from where Driver MacRae was buried – would suggest that she was his widow, although there are no marriage records to corroborate this.

Matthew Alexander MacRae was laid to rest in the Roman Catholic Cemetery in Bath, Somerset.

Commonwealth War Graves, Gloucestershire, Great War, history, illness, Ireland, Lancashire, photography, Private, Royal Army Medical Corps, Somerset, story, war

Private John Maguire

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Private John Maguire

John Maguire was born in Dublin, Ireland, in 1874. There is scant information about his life, and his name is too common to be able to narrow down details of his family.

The only documentation that links to his life is that of his army service. He was working as a labourer when he enlisted in the Royal Army Medical Corps on 27th April 1918. His service records confirm he was 5ft 7ins (1.7m) tall, with blue eyes, grey hair and a sallow complexion. Interestingly, he reported that he did not have any next-of-kin.

Private Maguire seemed to serve on home soil, and was primarily based in Lancashire. It was while here in the January of 1919 that he fell ill with nephritis – kidney disease – and was admitted to the hospital on Adelaide Street, Blackpool.

His condition was such that it led to John’s discharge from military service on medical grounds. On 23rd February he was moved to the 2nd Southern General Hospital in Bristol, and two days later he left army life. John was transferred to the War Hospital in Bath a couple of weeks later, and it was here that he passed away on 16th April 1919. He was 45 years of age.

An addition to John’s initial service records noted that a next-of-kin had been confirmed, and so Mary Prestige, who was living in Bedminster, to the south of Bristol, was informer of her friend’s death.

Respecting the Irishman’s religion, John Maguire was laid to rest in the Roman Catholic Cemetery in Bath, the city in which he died.

John’s friend, Mary Prestige, is also destined to remain a mystery. There are no records of her at the address John’s service records provide – Pipe Cottage, North Street, Bedminster.

There are two census records for Somerset for a Mary Prestige: 1901 records a Durham-born 18 year old Mary working as one of a number of laundry maids at the Marlborough Hill House of Refuge in Bristol.

The 1911 census records the same Mary Prestige visiting a William and Amelia Hockerday in Yatton, Somerset. It is impossible to confirm, however, whether this is the woman John notified the army as his next of kin.

Belgian Army, Belgium, Commonwealth War Graves, Corporal, Great War, history, illness, Korporaal, photography, Somerset, story, war

Korporaal Paul Vandermersch

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Korporaal Paul Vandermersch

The funeral took place on Friday last, at Bath, of Paul Vandermersch, second son of Paul Vandermersch, Divisional Chief, Provincial Administration, Western Flanders. Deceased passed away the previous Tuesday at 86, Shakespeare-avenue, Bath, at the early age of 22. He had served in the Belgian Army, but suffering from phthisis, he was invalided out.

Catholic Times and Catholic Opinion: Friday 14th January 1916

Paul Pierre Arnold Joseph Vandermersch was born on 11th April 1893 in Bruges, Belgium. Details of his early life are scarce, but it is clear that he was the son of Paul and Louise Vandermersch.

During the First World War, Paul served as a Korporaal (Corporal) in the Belgian Army, and was assigned to the 2 Linie 1/1 (second line). Full service records are not available, but having contracted tuberculosis, and with the influx of Belgian refugees to Britain during the conflict, it is likely that, having been medically discharged from the army, he was sent to Somerset to recuperate.

Korporaal Paul Pierre Arnold Joseph Vandermersch died on 4th January 1916, and was laid to rest in the Roman Catholic Cemetery in Bath.

Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, illness, North Somerset Yeomanry, photography, Sergeant, Somerset, South Africa, story, war, Welch Regiment

Serjeant George Collins

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Serjeant George Collins

Details of the lives of those who fell during the Great War can be limited by the documentation that is available more than a century later. Based on what remains, the life of George Collins would have been technical and sparse.

From the formal documents that remain, it is possible to determine that he was born in Bath, Somerset, in 1870 or 1871, and his father was farmer Oliver Collins.

George married Florence Lydyard on 25th January 1896 at the parish church in Bathampton. George was listed as a cellarman, while Florence was noted as being the daughter of George Lydyard, an agent.

The 1901 census found the couple living at the Liberal Club in Bath, which they were both managing. The couple had had a son, George Jr, who was born in 1898, and were employing a servant to help with the daily chores.

The 1911 census shows that George had left the club behind, and was employed as a gymnastic instructor. He and Florence now had four children: Mona, who was 14 (and who didn’t appear on the previous census); George; and twins Marjorie and Dorothy, who were born on 5th July 1904.

The limited military documentation confirms that George enlisted in the North Somerset Yeomanry by October 1917. He was assigned to the 2nd/1st Battalion, which was a mounted division that became a cyclist unit. The troop was based on home soil throughout the war and, depending on when he joined, George could have served anywhere from Northumberland to East Anglia or Southern Ireland.

These details, while uncovering something of George’s life, remain as clinical as the engraving on his headstone. With Serjeant Collins, it is a newspaper article on his passing that adds humanity to his life:

Many friends in Bath will regret to hear that Sergeant George Collins died on Saturday at the Bath War Hospital, where he had been an inmate for seven weeks, suffering acutely from gastritis. Deceased, who was a Bathonian by birth, when a youth joined the Welsh Regiment, and served for seven years in the 1st Battalion… He returned to Bath 21 years ago, and became a drill and physical instructor to several schools… whilst he also instructed evening classes at Guinea Lane and St Mary’s Church House. Being a Reservist he was called upon for the South African War, and Sergeant Collins rejoined his old regiment in 1899. He was wounded and invalided home… When he recovered from his wounds, Sergeant Collins resumed his work as an instructor at schools, and continued to act in that capacity until 1915. Though 44 years of age and not liable for military service, he very patriotically rejoined; he entered the North Somerset Yeomanry and became a drill instructor. He had not been abroad in this war, but had served in several places with the 2/1st NSY. The fatal illness became very pronounced in January when on leave, and he was not able to rejoin his unit. Sergeant Collins was a fine boxer, and became middle-weight champion of the Army when serving with the 1st Welsh. His experience as a trainer was often in request locally, and he had acted in that capacity to the most successful Avon Rowing Club crews. Deceased leaves a widow, one son, and three daughters. His only boy, Sapper George Collins, Wessex [Royal Engineers], has been serving at Salonika since 1915.

Bath Chronicle and Weekly Gazette: Saturday 13 April 1918

Beyond the staid, formal documents is a life well lived. Serjeant George Collins was 47 or 48 years old when he passed on 5th April 1918; the army record noted the cause of his death as a cerebral haemorrhage. His body was laid to rest in the graveyard of St Mary the Virgin Church, Bathwick, overlooking the city he loved.