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Stoker 1st Class Robert Hill

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Stoker 1st Class Robert Hill

Robert Hill was born in Liverpool, Lancashire, on 24th June 1876. One of seven children, his parents were Thomas and Catherine. Thomas was a dock labourer, and the family lived in a tenement in Upper William Street, to the north of the city centre.

Robert was destined to be drawn to the sea and, on 30th May 1900, he joined the Royal Navy, as a Stoker 2nd Class. His service records show that he was 5ft 8ins (1.73m) tall, with blue eyes, fair hair and a fresh complexion.

Stoker Hill was sent to HMS Pembroke for his training, and it was to the Chatham naval base that he would ultimately return between voyages. He enlisted for a period of twelve years and, over that time, would serve on six different vessels. During this time, Robert was promoted, gaining the rank of Stoker 1st Class.

When Robert’s contract came to an end, he was stood down to reserve status. His trail goes cold until May 1914 when, with war looming, he was re-engaged.

At the outbreak of war, Stoker 1st Class Hill was assigned to HMS Coquette, a D-class destroyer serving as a training ship for the navy’s gunnery school at Sheerness, Kent.

Being thrown overboard as the result of a jar caused through a liberty boat bumping into another Service Vessel, Petty Officer Hill, of HMS Coquette, lost his life at Stangate Creek as far back as March 8th, and his body having since been recovered, an inquest was held at the Royal Naval Hospital, Gillingham, on Saturday morning…

Charles Offord, stoker, HMS Coquette, identified the body as that of Robert Hill, a first-class petty officer, of the same ship. The body was quite unrecognisable, and witness was only able to identify it by the clothing and boots, and by two brass Service keys belonging tot he deceased’s ditty box and hat box. Hill was the only man of the ship with two keys. Both boxes had to be forced open, as the keys were missing. The laces found on the deceased witness identified as belonging to Hill, who purchased them ashore when witness was with him on March 8th. They went ashore from the ship to Cornwallis Pier, Sheerness, by the one o’clock boat, and were together after they landed. They returned to the liberty boat at 6:45. They had to call at other ships before reaching the Coquette, and it was while they were approaching TB9 at 8:15pm that the deceased fell overboard. At the time Hill was standing in the boat amidship on the port side, and as a result of the liberty boat striking the side of TB9 the deceased fell overboard, losing his balance in consequence of the jar. Witness was certain it was the jar that threw Hill overboard. Witness called our “Man overboard!” A strong tide was running. Every effort was made to rescue the deceased, but without result. The liberty boat went astern, and TB9 pulled her dinghy to the buoy, but could not see anything of Hill. It was a rough and windy night. Deceased could only swim a little, and he was quite sober. The dinghy went to the buoy because it was thought that the deceased might have got hold of it, but it was subsequently found that he had not done so. The searchlights were put on, and a lifebuoy was thrown to the man.

Walter Joseph Shoesmith, chief stoker, HMS Coquette, corroborated the previous witness as to the identity of the body, and added that Hill was about 39 years of age. Everything possible was done to find the deceased and rescue him, but he was not seen after he had entered the water.

Joseph Kelly, mortuary keeper at the Royal Naval Hospital, deposed that the body was brought to the mortuary from Stangate Creek, where the deceased went down. An evening newspaper, dated March 8th, and two packets of new bootlaces were found on the clothing.

[Chatham, Rochester and Brompton Observer: Saturday 22nd May 1915]

The body of Robert Hill was not found until some ten weeks after he fell overboard. His body was taken to Woodlands Cemetery, Gillingham, and he was laid to rest in the naval section of the burial ground.

Stoker Hill’s headstone incorrectly attributes his death to the sinking of HMS Bulwark in November 1914. Robert never served on that vessel, and no member of her crew had that name.

While the newspaper report gives Robert’s rank as Petty Officer, his service records record him as a Stoker 1st Class.

Able Seaman, Boy, Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, Hampshire, history, Kent, killed in action, Leading Seaman, Ordinary Seaman, photography, Royal Navy, story, war, Wiltshire

Leading Seaman William Snook

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Leading Seaman William Snook

William Albert Snook was born on 8th December 1885, in the Wiltshire village of Mere, The was the second of nine children to Frank and Louisa Snook. Frank was an agricultural labourer, and when he finished his schooling, this is a trade into which his son followed.

William wanted a life of adventure, however, and, on 25th June 1901, he joined the Royal Navy. Given the rank of Boy 2nd Class, he was sent to the training ship HMS Boscawen to start learning the skills he would need.

Boy Snook spent the next year at Boscawen, during which time he was promoted to Boy 1st Class. Over the next year, he spent time on three ships – the cruiser HMS Minotaur, and the battleships HMS Agincourt and Hannibal.

While assigned to Hannibal, William came of age. Now formally inducted in the Royal Navy, he was given the rank of Ordinary Seaman. His papers show that he was 4ft 11.5ins (1.51m), and had brown hair, blue eyes and a fresh complexion.

William had enlisted for a period of twelve years, and during this time he would go on to serve on a further eleven ships, returning to HMS Victory, the Royal Naval Dockyard in Portsmouth, Hampshire, in between assignments. His annual review consistently showed a very good character and a superior ability in his role. In March 1905 he was promoted to Able Seaman, and in July 1913, William received a further rise in rank, taking the role of Leading Seaman.

In March 1915, William was moved to HMS Princess Irene, an ocean liner requisitioned on the outbreak of war and converted to a minelayer. On the morning of 27th May 1915, she was moored in the Medway Estuary and was being loaded with mines in preparation for a mission. At 11:14am, a faulty primer on board set off a series of explosions, and she blew apart and sank. More than 250 crew – including Leading Seaman Snook – were killed. He was 29 years of age.

The body of William Albert Snook was brought ashore and laid to rest in the Woodlands Cemetery in Gillingham, Kent. He was buried alongside some of the other crew whose bodies had been rescued and identified.

Leading Seaman Snook’s headstone states that he was assigned to, and killed during the sinking of, HMS Bulwark. This is incorrect, and he was with Princess Irene.

Able Seaman, Boy, Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, Hampshire, history, Kent, killed in action, Ordinary Seaman, photography, Royal Navy, story, war, Wiltshire

Able Seaman John Poole

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Able Seaman John Poole

John Poole was born in Swindon, Wiltshire, on 11th May 1893. One of nine children, his parents were James and Mary Poole. James was a quarryman, and, at the time of the 1901 census, the family were living at 5 Cross Street, on the southern edge of the town centre.

John was keen to make his mark on the world and when he completed his schooling, he joined the Royal Navy. His service papers show that he began his naval career on 12th March 1909, a couple of months short of his sixteenth birthday. Given his age, he was assigned the rank of Boy 2nd Class, and sent to HMS Impregnable, the training base in Devonport, to start learning his skills.

Boy Poole initially impressed his seniors, and, on 12th November, he was promoted to Boy 1st Class. The positive start to his career, however, was not to continue, and over the next five years, his service record is peppered with misdemeanours. The first of these came on 6th January 1910, when he did a bunk from base: the authorities caught up with him, however, and he was frogmarched back to Devonport some three weeks later.

On 1st February, John was given his first formal posting, on board the armoured cruiser HMS Donegal. He transferred to another cruiser – HMS Grafton – in April, but by August he has moved again, to the battleship HMS Swiftsure.

Swiftsure would remain John’s home for the next eighteen months, during which time he came of age. Now old enough to formally enlist in the Royal Navy, he was given the rank of Ordinary Seaman. His papers show that he was 5ft 3.5ins (1.61m) tall, and had brown hair, brown eyes and a fresh complexion.

Ordinary Seaman Poole did not get off to a good start and, on 28th June 1911, he was sent to the brig for 28 days for refusing a duty. In April the following year, Swiftsure was docked in Portsmouth, and John saw a chance to go AWOL. Apprehended quickly, he was nevertheless sentenced to 42 days’ detention at HMS Victory, the city’s naval base.

Sent back to his duties on 3rd July 1912, Ordinary Seaman Poole was obviously no longer happy in his role. Going absent without leave again on 2nd December, a harsher sentence was granted when he was captured, and he was sent to the brig for 60 days.

As a new year dawned, John was assigned to another armoured cruiser, HMS Black Prince. The move did nothing to temper Ordinary Seaman Poole’s attitude, however, and he was sent to the brig on 5th September 1913, for refusing a duty. Intriguingly, he was released three weeks later, and just a fortnight after that, he was promoted to Able Seaman.

John remained part of Black Prince’s crew until April 1914. After a short stint at HMS Excellent – the gunnery school in Portsmouth – he was given another assignment, on board the battleship HMS Bulwark. Part of the Channel Fleet, she was tasked with patrolling and defending Britain’s southern coast.

On 26th November 1914, Bulwark was moored in the River Medway, close to Sheerness. While she was being re-stocked with shells and ammunition, a number of poorly-stowed cordite charges overheated, detonating the shells stored nearby. The resulting explosion ripped through the battleship, and more than 740 crew were killed. The body of Able Seaman Poole was amongst those to be recovered. He was 21 years of age.

The body of John Poole was laid to rest alongside the other victims of the disaster, in the naval section of Woodlands Cemetery, Gillingham, Kent.

Boy, Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, Kent, killed in action, Ordinary Seaman, photography, Royal Navy, story, Surrey, war

Ordinary Seaman William Wheeler

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Ordinary Seaman William Wheeler

William Leonard Wheeler was born in Epsom, Surrey, on 8th September 1896. He was the fourth of six children to John and Mary Wheeler. John was a carman in a brickyard, and the family lived in Nonsuch Cottage on Leith Road.

When William finished his schooling, he took work as a gardener. He sought bigger and better things, however, and, on 12th September 1912, he joined the Royal Navy. Too young to formally enlist, he was given the rank of Boy 2nd Class, and sent to HMS Impregnable, the training ship, to start learning the skills he would need.

Impregnable would remain Boy Wheeler’s home for the next nine months, during which time he was promoted to Boy 1st Class. On 18th June 1913, he was give his first posting, on board the cruiser HMS Gibraltar. In November 1913, William was reassigned, and took up a post on board the battleship HMS Bulwark.

William came of age in September 1914, and fully enlisted in the Royal Navy. Given the rank of Ordinary Seaman, his service papers show that he was 5ft 1in (1.55m) tall, and had light brown hair, grey eyes and a fresh complexion.

Bulwark was part of the Channel Fleet, tasked with patrolling and defending Britain’s southern coast. On 26th November 1914, she was moored in the River Medway, close to Sheerness, and was being resupplied with shells and ammunition. That morning, a handful of the cordite charges overheated, detonating the shells stored nearby. The explosion ripped through the vessel, and more than 740 crew – including 18-year-old William – were killed.

Ordinary Seaman Wheeler’s body would be recovered from the wreckage until 8th July 1915. He was laid to rest in the naval section Woodlands Cemetery, Gillingham, Kent, a short distance from the the Royal Naval Dockyard in Chatham.

Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, Kent, killed in action, Perthshire, photography, Private, Royal Marines, Scotland, story, war

Private Donald Bruce

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Private Donald Bruce

Donald Hendry Bruce was born on the 23rd July 1893 in the remote Logiealmond estate in Perthshire, Scotland. The oldest of six children, his parents were slate quarrier Hugh Bruce, and his wife, Ellen.

There is little information available about Donald’s early life, but the 1911 census records that he had enlisted in the Royal Marine Light Infantry as a Private, and was based at the barracks in Deal, Kent.

By the time war broke out, Private Bruce was assigned to the battleship HMS Bulwark. Part of the Channel Fleet, she was tasked with patrolling and defending Britain’s southern coast.

On 26th November 1914, Bulwark was moored in the River Medway, close to Sheerness, and was being stocked with shells and ammunition. That morning, some poorly stowed cordite charges overheated, detonating the shells stored nearby. The resulting explosion ripped through the battleship, and more than 740 crew were killed. Donald’s body was among those recovered: he was 21 years of age.

Those who were killed in the explosion were buried in the naval section of Woodlands Cemetery, Gillingham, Kent. As his body had been identified, Donald Hendry Bruce was laid to rest in a marked grave.

Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, injury, Kent, London, photography, Private, Royal West Kent Regiment, story, Surrey, war

Private Robert Hawes

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Private Robert Hawes

Robert Hawes was born early in 1891 in Rochester, Kent. One of twins, his parents Henry and Alice had six children in all. Sadly, two of their children, including Robert’s twin, Edward, died early.

Henry was a bricklayer, and the 1891 census found the family living in rooms at 26 John Street, to the south of the town centre. This was a road they would know well, and the following return, taken in 1901, found them living two doors down, at No. 22.

When Robert completed his schooling, he found work as a general labourer for a wine and spirit merchant. By 1911, the Hawes family had relocated to 171 Rochester Avenue. Just one road from their previous home, this move afforded the seven of them more space.

War broke out in the summer of 1914, and Robert stepped up to play his part. Leaving his job as a cellarman, he enlisted on 11th December 1915, and, as a Private, was assigned to the Queen’s Own (Royal West Kent Regiment). His medical report notes that he was 5ft 7ins (1.7m) tall, and had slight varicose veins to his right knee.

Initially attached to the 12th (Reserve) Battalion, by the summer of 1916 Private Hawes had been transferred to the 7th (Service) Battalion and sent to France. His unit was deeply ensconced at the Somme, and Robert was wounded during the opening day of the Battle of Ancre Heights.

Robert’s injury – a gun shot wound to the head – meant he was medically evacuated to Britain, and he was admitted to King George’s Hospital, London. Despite the treatment he received, his condition would prove too severe: Private Hawes passed away on 13th February 1917, at the age of 26 years old.

The body of Robert Hawes was taken back to Kent for burial, and he was laid to rest in St Margaret’s Cemetery, Rochester.

Robert’s older brother, Harry, had also served in the First World War. Attached to the 2nd Battalion of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment, Private H Hawes was killed on the first day of the Battle of Loos: he was 30 years of age.

Harry Henry Hawes is commemorated on the Loos Memorial at Dud Corner Cemetery, France.

By the time of Robert’s death, Henry and Alice had lost all three of their sons.

Commonwealth War Graves, Corporal, Great War, history, Kent, photography, Royal Army Service Corps, story, suicide, war

Corporal John Chaplin

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Corporal John Chaplin

An inquest was held on Thursday at the Guildhall, Rochester… on the body of John William Arthur Chaplin (28)… who hanged himself in the lavatory on Tuesday. Deceased was a demobilised soldier and had served in France and Egypt during the war.

Mrs Sarah Jane Chaplin stated that lately her son had complained of pains in the back of his head. Usually he was of a cheerful temperament. Since leaving the Army he had spent his grstuity and being without money and our of employment he became depressed.

George William Lewis Paterson, deceased’s cousin who occupied the same bedroom with deceased, stated that at 10.40pm on Monday, deceased was reading a paper in the kitchen. Witness when to bed and awoke at 5.30am to find deceased had not been to bed. The light downstairs was still burning. In the lavatory he found deceased handing by the neck…

A verdict of “Suicide whilst of unsound mind” was returned.

[Chatham, Rochester and Brompton Observer: Saturday 14th February 1920]

The life of John William Arthur Chaplin remains frustratingly elusive. He does not recognisably appear on any census return, and, while it is clear that he served in the Army Service Corps as a Corporal, his military records are no longer available.

The body of Corporal Chaplin, the former solder with nowhere to turn, was laid to rest in St Margaret’s Cemetery, Rochester, Kent.

Commonwealth War Graves, Deck Hand, Great War, history, illness, Kent, photography, Royal Naval Reserve, story, war

Deck Hand Sydney Beck

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Deck Hand Sydney Beck

Sydney William Beck was born on the 6th April 1885 in Rochester, Kent. The seventh of nine children, his parents were Albert and Mary Beck. Albert was a bargeman, and this was a line of work into which his son would follow.

There is little concrete information about Sydney’s life. He is recorded as having married Janet Ellis on 16th April 1911, this being backed up by his later service records.

When war broke out, Sydney joined the Royal Naval Reserve as a Deck hand. His papers not that he was 5ft 9ins (1.65m) tall, with brown hair and a fresh complexion. He is also recorded as having a clasped hands tattoo on his right forearm.

The funeral took place, with naval honours… on Saturday of Chief Deck Hand Sydney Beck, DSM, who passed away in the Royal Naval Hospital on the 12th inst., from pneumonia. The deceased, who was 33 years of age, was formerly a barge captain… He was on the trawler Aisne, which took place in the battle with a German submarine off Iceland. It was for this engagement deceased was given the DSM.

[Chatham, Rochester and Brompton Observer: Saturday 30th November 1918]

Sydney William Beck died on 12th November 1918, a day after the Armistice was signed, and a month after he was gazetted. His body was laid to rest in St Margaret’s Cemetery, Rochester, Kent.

Captain, Commonwealth War Graves, France, Great War, Hampshire, history, Kent, killed in action, photography, Royal Marines, story, war

Captain Herbert Morton

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Captain Herbert Morton

The mortal remains of Capt. Herbert Claude Morton, RMLI, were laid to rest in St Nicholas Cemetery, Rochester, on Tuesday afternoon, the first portion of the Burial Service being conducted in the Cathedral, where the deceased office was married, on September 17th, 1908, to Evelyn St Aubyn Lennard, eldest daughter of Col. and Mrs DL Barratt, late of Star-hill, Rochester. Captain Morton, who was 34 years of age, was the only son of Mr John Ellis Morton, of County Cavan, and Mrs Werry, of Cowes, Isle of Wight. He served during the campaign in China and was awarded the medal. His home was at Gosport.

[Chatham, Rochester and Brompton Observer: Saturday 5th December 1914]

The early life of Herbert Claude Morton is a challenge to piece together. The 1911 census states that he was born in France, and confirms that he and Evelyn were living with their then two children at 139 Stoke Road, Gosport, Hampshire.

This was the only census on which Herbert features and, as the “campaign in China” that the newspaper reported would have been the Boxer Rebellion of 1900, this may account for the lack of other documentation for him.

When war broke out, Captain Morton assigned to the battleship HMS Bulwark. He was on board Bulwark on the 26th November 1914, when she was moored close to Sheerness, Kent. That morning, an explosion ripped through the ship, sinking it and killing more than 740 people. Herbert was amongst them: he was 34 years of age.

The body of Herbert Claude Morton was laid to rest in a marked grave in St Nicholas’ Cemetery, Rochester, Kent.

The summer after her husband’s death, Evelyn gave birth to another child, daughter Stella, who would never know her father.

Commonwealth War Graves, Great War, history, Kent, Lance Corporal, photography, Private, Royal Army Service Corps, Royal West Kent Regiment, story, unknown, war

Private Edward Larraman

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Private Edward Larraman

Edward William Larraman was born in Rochester, Kent, in December 1882. The third of seven children, he was one of five sons to Alfred and Mary Larraman. Alfred was a mariner who died when Edward was just ten years old.

Mary took work as a housekeeper, moving the family from their home at 4 Davis Square to rooms at 18 Northgate. Edward is missing from the 1901 census but, with later service records suggesting he volunteered with the Royal West Kent Regiment, it is possible that he was training with them when the return was taken.

The military life seemed to suit Edward and, on 4th November 1902, he gave up his job as a riveter to formally enlist, joining the Army Service Corps as a Private. His service papers from that time show that he was 5ft 4.5ins (1.64m) tall and weighed 120lbs (54.4kg). Hr was noted as having light brown hair, blue eyes and a fresh complexion.

Private Larraman spent the next four years on home soil, using the opportunity to gain a 3rd Class certificate in education, and rising to the rank of Lance Corporal.

On 23rd December 1907, Edward married Mabel Green. Born in Chatham, she was the daughter of a carpenter. The couple set up home at 3 Almon Place, Rochester – just a short walk from where Mary was living – and went on to have two children, Irene (born in 1908) and Thora (born in 1915).

Lance Corporal Larraman was medically discharged from the army on 18th May 1908. While it is unclear what affliction meant he was no longer fit to serve, he was awarded a pension for his service.

The next census, taken in 1911, found him and Mabel living in Almon Place with Irene and Mabel’s father Henry, and brother, George. Edward was listed as an army pensioner, while there were two salaries coming into the household: Henry was a carpenter and joiner at Chatham Dockyard, while George was a shop assistant.

At this point, Edward’s trail goes cold. It is clear that he re-enlisted when war broke out, although in what capacity, and for how long, is unclear. The only other record for him is that of his passing, on 22nd August 1919: he was 36 years of age.

The body of Edward William Larraman was laid to rest in St Nicholas’ Cemetery, Rochester, a short walk from where his family were still living.

Private Edward Larraman
(from ancestry.co.uk)